Attention Deficiency Hyperactivity disorder, also known as ADHD, is a very common neurological disorder that affects millions of children, making it harder for them to take part in daily activities as it affects their ability to focus, control their impulses, and manage their emotions. There are traditional therapies that provide medication, but from a more holistic perspective, music can be an effective tool for cognitive and emotional development in children with ADHD. Music promotes neuroplasticity, the brain’s ability to rearrange itself by generating new neural connections. For children who have ADHD, this is beneficial because their brains go through different stages of connectivity between regions that are responsible for motor coordination, decision-making, impulse control, and executive functioning.
Music training increases the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for attention and decision-making. The rhythm and melody activate the basal ganglia, which controls movement and coordination, helping children develop self-control and focus.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Neuroscience discovered that children with ADHD who received musical training improved their auditory processing and working memory. The repetitious process of learning an instrument strengthens synaptic connections, resulting in improved information retention and cognitive flexibility. Research also indicates that children experience delays in cortical maturation, which is a response for executive functions. The coordination required to play an instrument, read sheet music, and synchronize with the rhythm helps with strengthening multi-sensory integration, which is underdeveloped with children that have ADHD.
In addition to cognitive improvements, music provides significant emotional and social advantages. Many children suffer from heightened anxiety and have a harder time with self-expression. Music provides a healthy outlet for emotions, allowing them to express themselves creatively. In a research article published in the Journal of Music Theory, children with ADHD who take part in music experience lower levels of anxiety and stress because they are playing an instrument that engages the brain’s reward system, letting them feel pleasure and relaxation.
Drumming exercises have been effective in refining motor skills and improving impulse control. Listening to classical music while trying to focus on completing a task creates a calming environment with fewer distractions. For children struggling with hyperactivity, activities such as guided movement to music or interactive sessions can be found effective.
Music is used to bring people together to create a community. Engaging in music ensembles or participating in group lessons prompts teamwork, communication, and patience. Children learn to take in others’ feedback, listen to others, and learn and follow social cues. The child feels a sense of success and happiness with themselves, improving their overall emotional well-being. Music is more than entertainment; it is scientifically proven to transform the cognitive, emotional, and social landscape of children with ADHD. This art form enhances their brain development and supports children in their journey toward growth.
